Heating apparatus.



M. H. & J. J. BRENNAN.

HEATING APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED DEC. 13. 1913.

Patentedbept. 28, 19V.

ammo/M1013 restatement, or hEviLs LAKE, NORTH DAKOTA, AND JOHN J.BRENNAN, I Jon GIEARDVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA.

1";1'541i0iiifl i. i Applicationfiled'lleceinber13,1913.Seria1No.806,490.

. Be--it knownthat W,:M:ICI-IAEL H. BREN- NAN and Jenn J. .BRENNAN,citizens of the United, States, residing at Devils Lake, in the countyofRamsey and State of North Dakota, .and Girardvillc, in the county ofSchuylkill, State of Pennsylvania, respec- :radi'ation of heat in theroom or apartment and-t0 save theheat for radiation and power purposesand. economize fuel. at the same time, e p

Another objectisto render the room or apartment more sanitary byshutting off the direct draft .fron'iwthe room or apartment :into thefire, thereby stopping the counter current from. the draft opening, fromwhich when Opemdeleterious gases are discharged into the room orapartment. Also, by utilizing the down draft in the pipe or chimney pureair is brought into the stove for sup porting conibustion. .This dOWI1draft is also utilized to retard the upward movement of the products ofcombustion so that practically all of the combustible gases andparticlesof carbon driven upward by the flames are consumed, practicallyonly the non-combustible gasesbeing allowed to escape, the same beingcarried off by;-the up draft in the pipe and. chimney.

This invention applies to heating plants for heat. and power, and thedevices hereinafter described may beused in connection with same, thefundamental principle being the increase in radiation by bettercombustion and less loss of heat from draft, the device resulting in thetaking in of sufiicient oxygen for purposes of combustion, and no more.By this means, for the same amount of fuel, a much. greater heat isproduced and retained longer.

The invention. will be first hereinafter described in connection withthe accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of thisspecificatioinand then more specifically set forth in the claims at theend of the description.

A preferred form of heating apparatus embodying our invention is shownin the accompanymg drawings wherein- A designates a stove or'firechamber hav-' HnArING ABPARATUS.

.sp i a n n Patented Sept. as, 1915.

ing a direct draft opening B below the grate C, a direct outlet openingD in the top, and another opening arranged above the fuel level andpreferably in the side as at E. The direct draft opening is designed forcausing a direct draft when the fire is first started, but is normallyclosed by a suitable valve F. In the direct outlet opening D there isfitted a pipe G leading to the chimney (not shown). The opening E isprovied with a suitable valve Hand communicates with a branch or forkedpipe K which is connected to the pipe G some distance, .above the stove.There are no other open- G. The outer walls of this drum areimperforate, but the pipe G has two openings R- and S communicating withits interior. Said openings may be arranged on the same or" ondiametrically opposite sides of the pipe, or at some location between soas to obtain different grades of efficiency or regulation. One of thoseopenings is preferably located on a higher level than the other.

hen a fire is started in the stove, the coal or wood may be put in firstto form the bottom layer T just above the grate. -The kindling is thenput in and forms the second layer U, While the paper constitutes the toplayer V. In other words the fire (fuel material) is laid in just thereverse from the usual order. After the paper is lighted, the valve F inthe direct draft opening B may be opened for a short time in order tostart the kindling to burn freely. Or the fire may be started in theordinary way. But the reverse order gives better results. The valve F isthen closed, and the fire will burn downward, thekindling igniting thecoal so that soon the coal is a;, gl owing mass which. will burn slowlyand last a long time during which it will radiate intense heat- It hasbeen found that very little heat escapes up the pipe G to the chimney,and that the pipes K and N and drum P remain cool, indicating thatpractically none of the combustible gases escape.

It will be understood that either of the pipes K and N, or the drum Pmay be used alone,

that any combination of two of them may be used together, or that allthree may be used together, as illustrated in the figure. The theory onwhich each of said pipes works is that there is a down draft or curpliesthem with additional oxygen so that.

substantially complete combustion takes place. This is furtherdemonstrated by the fact that very little smoke is discharged from thechimney. The drum P acts in the same way, the fresh air entering it fromthe pipe G through the upper opening R and returning to said, pipethrough the lower opening S. It will be noted thatin view of thefacttha't these openings arearranged on diametrically opposite sides ofthe pipe G, the current of fresh air must travel a spiral coursedownward'before enteripg the pipe through the lower opening. This spiraland downward movement or currentfis contained in the pipe G causing ifanythingan even better mixture of the fresh air with the partly consumedgases, and consequently more efiectually retarding the upward movementof said gases and accomplishing their more complete combustion, thanwhen the pipes K and Nareused alone. Whenever the pipe K is not-to beused, thecurrent ofair.

therein may be cut oil by closing the damper V. The valve'H may beadjusted to suit conditions-independently of the damper W, so as to givethe proper action when the damper is opened and the. pipe K is 1n use.

\Vhen the pipes N and K are used together, a

considerable portion of the products of ,com-

bustion and gases not thoroughly consumed which pass'up through the pipeK will enter the upper end of the pipe N, arranged on the opposite sideof the pipe G and as shown, also located in horizontal alinement to theupper endof pipeK. Said gases will pass down said pipe N, and bedelivered in a downward direction into the pipe G from the lower endofpipe. N, thus further retarding the escape of unconsu'med'gase's andaidv ing in securing more nearly complete com bustion. 1

It will be obvious, of course, that the improvement herein describedmaybe attached to any stove of ordinary construction and will not benecessary to construct aspecial form of stove to which the-improvement Ymain vpipe when desired.

in be attached as the same may be attached to the ordinary opening inthe stove leading to the chimney'and another opening in the stove.

Having thus described our invention,-what we claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. The combination with a fire chamber having two openings in its .upperportion and adapted to'be otherwise closed, of a main pipe fitted to oneof said openings and leading to achimney, a branch pipe fitted to theother opening and communicating with the main pipe, and a second branchpipe in the form of a loop communicating at both ends with the mainpipe,:the )ilIlCtlOIl of the first branch pipe with the main pipe beingopposite to and in horizontal alinement with the junction of one end oithe second branch pipe with the main p p 2. The combination'with .a.fire chamber having two openings in its upper portion, p

and adapted to be otherwise closed, of a main pipe fitted to one of saidopenings and leadmg to a chimney, a branch pipe fitted to the otheropening and communicating with'the mam plpe, a second branch pipe in theform ofa loop communicating at both ends with the main pipe, thejunction of the first branch-pipe with the main pipe being opposite toandin horizontal alinement with the junction of one end of the secondbranch pipe'with the -main. pipe, and means .for shutting off the firstbranch pipe and the 3. The'combination'with a fire chamber having twoopenings in its upper-portion and adapted tobe otherwise closed, of amain pipe fitted to one of said openings and leading to a chimney, abranch pipe fitted to the other opening and communicating with the. mainpipe, and a second branch'pi'pe in the form of a loop communicating atboth ends with the main pipe, 'said loop being arranged'on'the oppositeside of the main pipe from the first branch pipe and cooperatingtherewith to regulate the current there through. x y

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification inthe presence of two attesting-witnesses. I

a MICHAEL H. BRENNAN.

, JOHN J; BRENNAN.

' Witnesses as to Michael H. Brennan:

' y L. J. WEHE,

M. E. REARDON. Witnesses as ,to John J. Brennan: 1

THOMAS J. MCANDREWS,

B. FRANK WAGNER.

